The Parisian club has now won the season-opening trophy on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck two times late to seize a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the dying moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing shootout win.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.